{"id":19646,"date":"2019-12-16T07:23:38","date_gmt":"2019-12-16T04:23:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.teise.pro\/?p=19646"},"modified":"2019-12-16T08:53:32","modified_gmt":"2019-12-16T05:53:32","slug":"lat-apie-subjektyvuji-ir-objektyvuji-sutarciu-aiskinima","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/2019\/12\/16\/lat-apie-subjektyvuji-ir-objektyvuji-sutarciu-aiskinima\/","title":{"rendered":"LAT apie subjektyv\u0173j\u012f ir objektyv\u0173j\u012f sutar\u010di\u0173 ai\u0161kinim\u0105"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gin\u010do \u0161alis siejo paslaug\u0173 \u2013 draudimo\u00a0\u017ealos\u00a0administravimo\u00a0\u2013 teikimo santykiai. Ie\u0161kov\u0117\u00a0nuosekliai laik\u0117si pozicijos, kad dvi sutarties s\u0105lygos leid\u017eia\u00a0jai\u00a0gauti atlyginim\u0105 u\u017e dalies\u00a0veiksm\u0173, nurodyt\u0173 sutarties\u00a0II\u00a0skyriuje,\u00a0atlikim\u0105\u00a0\u017ealiosios\u00a0kortos bylose, o atsakov\u0117s teigimu,\u00a0atlygis siejamas su draudimo bylos u\u017ebaigimu, t.\u00a0y. u\u017e vis\u0173 reikaling\u0173 \u017ealos bylos administravimo veiksm\u0173 atlikim\u0105 bei sprendimo projekto d\u0117l draudimo i\u0161mokos mok\u0117jimo arba atsisakymo j\u0105 mok\u0117ti paruo\u0161im\u0105. Taigi nagrin\u0117jamoje byloje \u0161ali\u0173 gin\u010das\u00a0kilo\u00a0d\u0117l\u00a0suteiktas paslaug\u0173\u00a0apmok\u0117jimo s\u0105lygas\u00a0\u012ftvirtinan\u010di\u0173 sutarties nuostat\u0173 prasm\u0117s. Lietuvos Auk\u0161\u010diausiojo Teismo (LAT) Civilini\u0173 byl\u0173 skyriaus teis\u0117j\u0173 kolegija nusprend\u0117<\/a>, kad byloje nebuvo\u00a0nustatytos\u00a0jai teisingai i\u0161spr\u0119sti reik\u0161mingos\u00a0aplinkyb\u0117s, leid\u017eian\u010dios apskai\u010diuoti proporcing\u0105 paslaug\u0173, teikt\u0173 tiek ie\u0161kov\u0117s, tiek Lenkijoje veikian\u010dios\u00a0draudimo\u00a0bendrov\u0117s filialo, vert\u0119 ir nusprend\u0117 panaikinti apeliacin\u0117s instancijos teismo procesin\u012f sprendim\u0105 ir perduoti byl\u0105 i\u0161 naujo nagrin\u0117ti apeliacin\u0117s instancijos teismui.<\/p>\n

Kasacinis teismas pasisak\u0117, kad sutartini\u0173 santyki\u0173 teisinio kvalifikavimo ir sutar\u010di\u0173 ai\u0161kinimo taisykl\u0117s reglamentuotos\u00a0CK\u00a06.193\u20136.195\u00a0straipsniuose.\u00a0CK\u00a06.193\u00a0straipsnio 1\u00a0dalyje \u012ftvirtintas subjektyvaus\u00a0sutarties ai\u0161kinimo\u00a0metodo prioritetas: ai\u0161kinant sutart\u012f, pirmiausia turi b\u016bti nagrin\u0117jami tikrieji sutarties \u0161ali\u0173 ketinimai, o ne vien remiamasi pa\u017eodiniu sutarties teksto ai\u0161kinimu.\u00a0Visos sutarties s\u0105lygos turi b\u016bti ai\u0161kinamos\u00a0atsi\u017evelgiant \u012f sutarties s\u0105lyg\u0173 tarpusavio ry\u0161\u012f, sutarties esm\u0119, tiksl\u0105, jos sudarymo aplinkybes, \u0161ali\u0173 derybas d\u0117l sutarties sudarymo, \u0161ali\u0173 elges\u012f po sutarties sudarymo ir kitas reik\u0161mingas aplinkybes. Ta\u010diau sutarties \u0161ali\u0173 subjektyviais ketinimais nustatant sutarties turin\u012f galima vadovautis tik jeigu abi \u0161alys\u00a0sutaria d\u0117l sutarties teksto prasm\u0117s. \u0160ali\u0173 tikr\u0173j\u0173 ketinim\u0173 nustatymas yra\u00a0prakti\u0161kai\u00a0ne\u012fmanomas, kai tarp \u0161ali\u0173 yra gin\u010das d\u0117l tikrosios sutarties teksto prasm\u0117s ir kai \u0161alys skirtingai interpretuoja sutarties tekst\u0105, tokiais atvejais taikytinas objektyvusis sutarties\u00a0ai\u0161kinimo metodas \u2013\u00a0jeigu \u0161ali\u0173 tikr\u0173 ketinim\u0173 negalima nustatyti, tai sutartis turi b\u016bti ai\u0161kinama atsi\u017evelgiant \u012f tai, koki\u0105 prasm\u0119 jai tokiomis pat aplinkyb\u0117mis b\u016bt\u0173 suteik\u0119 analogi\u0161ki \u0161alims protingi asmenys, t.\u00a0y. taikoma sistemin\u0117-lingvistin\u0117 sutarties teksto analiz\u0117.<\/p>\n

Pagal nagrin\u0117jamos bylos duomenis subjektyviuoju metodu, vadovaujantis\u00a0CK\u00a06.193\u00a0straipsnio 5\u00a0dalyje nustatytais kriterijais,\u00a0\u0161ali\u0173 konsensuso\u00a0ne\u012fmanoma\u00a0nustatyti. Byloje n\u0117ra pateikta jokios med\u017eiagos apie \u0161ali\u0173 derybas d\u0117l sutarties sudarymo, ie\u0161kov\u0117s santyki\u0173 su draudimo\u00a0bendrove\u00a0praktik\u0105 iki sutarties sudarymo. Kitas subjektyvaus sutarties ai\u0161kinimo metodo kriterijus yra \u0161ali\u0173 elgesys po sutarties sudarymo: pats sutarties vykdymas, jos netinkamas vykdymas, \u0161ali\u0173 rei\u0161kiami reikalavimai viena kitai, pretenzijos, prane\u0161imai apie vykdymo tr\u016bkumus, \u012fvykdymo pri\u0117mimas, atsisakymas priimti \u012fvykdym\u0105 ir pan. Atkreiptas d\u0117mesys \u012f tai, kad \u0161ali\u0173 elgesys po sutarties sudarymo vis d\u0117lto negali \u012frodyti tikrosios \u0161ali\u0173 valios ir net gali b\u016bti prie\u0161ingas tam, ko \u0161alys siek\u0117 sudarydamos sutart\u012f, ta\u010diau vis d\u0117lto jis tam tikrais atvejais gali leisti \u012f\u017evelgti\u00a0tai,\u00a0ko \u0161alys siek\u0117 sudarydamos sutart\u012f.<\/p>\n

Vis d\u0117lto kilus \u0161ali\u0173 gin\u010dui atsakov\u0117 atsisak\u0117 apmok\u0117ti ie\u0161kov\u0117s pateiktas s\u0105skaitas fakt\u016bras u\u017e \u017ealiosios\u00a0kortos byl\u0173 administravim\u0105 ir parei\u0161k\u0117 prie\u0161ie\u0161kin\u012f, siekdama susigr\u0105\u017einti iki tol u\u017e toki\u0173 byl\u0173 administravim\u0105 ie\u0161kovei sumok\u0117tas l\u0117\u0161as. Taigi\u00a0toks\u00a0atsakov\u0117s elgesys parod\u0117, kad jai toks reikalavimas\u00a0sumok\u0117ti u\u017e dal\u012f darb\u0173 \u017ealiosios\u00a0kortos bylose n\u0117ra priimtinas.\u00a0Vadinasi,\u00a0nagrin\u0117jamoje byloje\u00a0susiklost\u0117 min\u0117ta situacija, kai \u0161ali\u0173\u00a0pozicijos d\u0117l sutarties s\u0105lyg\u0173, nustatan\u010di\u0173 suteikt\u0173\u00a0paslaug\u0173\u00a0apmok\u0117jimo\u00a0tvark\u0105, yra visi\u0161kai prie\u0161ingos,\u00a0ir d\u0117l to\u00a0prioritetas teiktinas objektyviam sutarties ai\u0161kinimo metodui, t.\u00a0y.\u00a0sisteminei-lingvistinei\u00a0sutarties s\u0105lyg\u0173\u00a0analizei,\u00a0ir jos s\u0105lygos ai\u0161kintinos\u00a0taip, kaip jas ai\u0161kint\u0173 tokiomis pat aplinkyb\u0117mis analogi\u0161ki \u0161alims protingi asmenys.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gin\u010do \u0161alis siejo paslaug\u0173 \u2013 draudimo\u00a0\u017ealos\u00a0administravimo\u00a0\u2013 teikimo santykiai. Ie\u0161kov\u0117\u00a0nuosekliai laik\u0117si pozicijos, kad dvi sutarties s\u0105lygos leid\u017eia\u00a0jai\u00a0gauti atlyginim\u0105 u\u017e dalies\u00a0veiksm\u0173, nurodyt\u0173 sutarties\u00a0II\u00a0skyriuje,\u00a0atlikim\u0105\u00a0\u017ealiosios\u00a0kortos bylose, o atsakov\u0117s teigimu,\u00a0atlygis siejamas su draudimo bylos u\u017ebaigimu, t.\u00a0y. u\u017e vis\u0173 reikaling\u0173 \u017ealos bylos administravimo veiksm\u0173 atlikim\u0105 bei sprendimo projekto d\u0117l draudimo i\u0161mokos mok\u0117jimo arba atsisakymo j\u0105 mok\u0117ti paruo\u0161im\u0105. Taigi nagrin\u0117jamoje byloje \u0161ali\u0173 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19647,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","duration":"","filesize":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","filesize_raw":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[86,352,1981],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19646"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19646"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19646\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19653,"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19646\/revisions\/19653"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.teise.pro\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}